3:1 Now there was a long war between the house of Saul and the house of David; and David became steadily stronger, while the house of Saul became steadily weaker.
3:2 Sons were born to David in Hebron: his firstborn was Amnon, by Ahinoam the Jezreelitess;
3:3 and his second, Chileab, by Abigail the ①widow of Nabal the Carmelite; and the third, Absalom the son of Maacah, the daughter of Talmai, king of Geshur;
▷ ①Lit wife
3:4 and the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital;
3:5 and the sixth, Ithream, by David’s wife Eglah. These sons were born to David in Hebron.
3:6 Now it happened that while there was war between the house of Saul and the house of David, Abner was ①strengthening himself in the house of Saul.
▷ ①Or remaining faithful to
3:7 And Saul had a concubine whose name was Rizpah, the daughter of Aiah; and ①Ish-bosheth said to Abner, “Why have you gone in to my father’s concubine?”
▷ ①As in some mss and ancient versions; MT he
3:8 Then Abner became very angry over Ish-bosheth’s ①question and said, “Am I a dog’s head that belongs to Judah? Today I show kindness to the house of Saul your father, to his brothers and to his friends, and have not let you fall into the hands of David; yet today you call me to account for wrongdoing with ②that woman?
▷ ①Lit words ②Lit the
3:9 May God do so to ①me, and more so, if as the LORD has sworn to David, I do not accomplish this for him:
▷ ①Lit Abner
3:10 to transfer the kingdom from the house of Saul, and to establish the throne of David over Israel and over Judah, from Dan even to Beersheba!”
3:11 And Ish-bosheth could no longer say a word in response to Abner, because he was afraid of him.
3:12 Then Abner sent messengers to David at his place, saying, “Whose is the land? Make your covenant with me, and behold, my hand shall be with you to bring all Israel over to you.”
3:13 And he said, “Good! I will make a covenant with you, only I require one thing of you, ①namely, that you shall not see my face unless you first bring Michal, Saul’s daughter, when you come to see ②me.”
▷ ①Lit saying ②Lit my face
3:14 So David sent messengers to Ish-bosheth, Saul’s son, saying, “Give me my wife Michal, to whom I was betrothed for a hundred foreskins of the Philistines.”
3:15 Ish-bosheth sent men and ①had her taken from her husband, from ②Paltiel the son of Laish.
▷ ①Lit took her ②In 1 Sam 25:44, Palti
3:16 And her husband went with her, weeping as he went, ①following her as far as Bahurim. Then Abner said to him, “Go, return.” So he returned.
▷ ①Lit after her
3:17 Now Abner had a ①consultation with the elders of Israel, saying, “In times past you were seeking for David to be king over you.
▷ ①Lit a word
3:18 Now then, do it! For the LORD has spoken regarding David, saying, ‘By the hand of My servant David ①I will save My people Israel from the hand of the Philistines, and from the hands of all their enemies.’ ”
▷ ①As in many mss and ancient versions; MT he
3:19 Abner also spoke ①to Benjamin; and in addition Abner went to speak ②to David in Hebron everything that seemed good to Israel and to the entire house of Benjamin.
▷ ①Lit in the ears of ②Lit in the ears of
3:20 Then Abner and twenty men with him came to David at Hebron. And David held a feast for Abner and the men who were with him.
3:21 Abner said to David, “Let me set out and go and gather all Israel to my lord the king, so that they may make a covenant with you, and that you may be king over all that your soul desires.” So David let Abner go, and he went in peace.
3:22 And behold, the servants of David and Joab came from a raid and brought a large amount of plunder with them; but Abner was not with David in Hebron, since he had let him go, and he had gone in peace.
3:23 When Joab and all the army that was with him arrived, they informed Joab, saying, “Abner the son of Ner came to the king, and he has let him go on his way, and he has gone in peace.”
3:24 Then Joab came to the king and said, “What have you done? Behold, Abner came to you; why then have you let him go, so that he is already gone?
3:25 You know Abner the son of Ner, that he came to gain your confidence, and to learn of your ①going out and coming in and to find out everything that you are doing.”
▷ ①I.e., daily business
3:26 When Joab left David’s presence, he sent messengers after Abner, and they brought him back from the well of Sirah; but David did not know about it.
3:27 So when Abner returned to Hebron, Joab took him aside into the middle of the gate to speak with him privately, and there he struck him in the belly, so that he died on account of the blood of his brother Asahel.
3:28 Afterward, when David heard about this, he said, “I and my kingdom are innocent before the LORD forever of the blood of Abner the son of Ner.
3:29 May it turn upon the head of Joab and on all his father’s house; and may there not be eliminated from the house of Joab someone who suffers a discharge, or has leprosy, or ①holds the spindle, or falls by the sword, or lacks bread.”
▷ ①I.e., an effeminate man; LXX holds on to a staff (prob. a crutch)
3:30 So Joab and his brother Abishai killed Abner because he had put their brother Asahel to death in the battle at Gibeon.
3:31 Then David said to Joab and to all the people who were with him, “Tear your clothes and put on sackcloth, and mourn before Abner.” And King David walked behind the bier.
3:32 And they buried Abner in Hebron; and the king raised his voice and wept at the grave of Abner, and all the people wept.
3:33 And the king sang a song of mourning for Abner and said,
“Should Abner die as a fool dies?
3:34 Your hands were not bound, nor your feet put in bronze shackles;
As one falls before the ①wicked, you have fallen.” And all the people wept over him again.
▷ ①Lit sons of wickedness
3:35 Then all the people came to provide ①food for David in his distress while it was still day; but David vowed, saying, “May God do so to me, and more so, if I taste bread or anything else before the sun goes down.”
▷ ①Lit bread
3:36 Now all the people took note of David’s vow, and it ①pleased them, just as everything that the king did ②pleased all the people.
▷ ①Lit was good in their eyes ②Lit was good in the eyes of all
3:37 So all the people and all Israel understood on that day that it had not been the desire of the king to put Abner the son of Ner to death.
3:38 Then the king said to his servants, “Do you not know that a leader and a great man has fallen in Israel this day?
3:39 And I am weak today, though anointed king; and these men, the sons of Zeruiah, are too difficult for me. May the LORD repay the evildoer in proportion to his evil.”
3:2 Sons were born to David in Hebron: his firstborn was Amnon, by Ahinoam the Jezreelitess;
3:3 and his second, Chileab, by Abigail the ①widow of Nabal the Carmelite; and the third, Absalom the son of Maacah, the daughter of Talmai, king of Geshur;
▷ ①Lit wife
3:4 and the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital;
3:5 and the sixth, Ithream, by David’s wife Eglah. These sons were born to David in Hebron.
3:6 Now it happened that while there was war between the house of Saul and the house of David, Abner was ①strengthening himself in the house of Saul.
▷ ①Or remaining faithful to
3:7 And Saul had a concubine whose name was Rizpah, the daughter of Aiah; and ①Ish-bosheth said to Abner, “Why have you gone in to my father’s concubine?”
▷ ①As in some mss and ancient versions; MT he
3:8 Then Abner became very angry over Ish-bosheth’s ①question and said, “Am I a dog’s head that belongs to Judah? Today I show kindness to the house of Saul your father, to his brothers and to his friends, and have not let you fall into the hands of David; yet today you call me to account for wrongdoing with ②that woman?
▷ ①Lit words ②Lit the
3:9 May God do so to ①me, and more so, if as the LORD has sworn to David, I do not accomplish this for him:
▷ ①Lit Abner
3:10 to transfer the kingdom from the house of Saul, and to establish the throne of David over Israel and over Judah, from Dan even to Beersheba!”
3:11 And Ish-bosheth could no longer say a word in response to Abner, because he was afraid of him.
3:12 Then Abner sent messengers to David at his place, saying, “Whose is the land? Make your covenant with me, and behold, my hand shall be with you to bring all Israel over to you.”
3:13 And he said, “Good! I will make a covenant with you, only I require one thing of you, ①namely, that you shall not see my face unless you first bring Michal, Saul’s daughter, when you come to see ②me.”
▷ ①Lit saying ②Lit my face
3:14 So David sent messengers to Ish-bosheth, Saul’s son, saying, “Give me my wife Michal, to whom I was betrothed for a hundred foreskins of the Philistines.”
3:15 Ish-bosheth sent men and ①had her taken from her husband, from ②Paltiel the son of Laish.
▷ ①Lit took her ②In 1 Sam 25:44, Palti
3:16 And her husband went with her, weeping as he went, ①following her as far as Bahurim. Then Abner said to him, “Go, return.” So he returned.
▷ ①Lit after her
3:17 Now Abner had a ①consultation with the elders of Israel, saying, “In times past you were seeking for David to be king over you.
▷ ①Lit a word
3:18 Now then, do it! For the LORD has spoken regarding David, saying, ‘By the hand of My servant David ①I will save My people Israel from the hand of the Philistines, and from the hands of all their enemies.’ ”
▷ ①As in many mss and ancient versions; MT he
3:19 Abner also spoke ①to Benjamin; and in addition Abner went to speak ②to David in Hebron everything that seemed good to Israel and to the entire house of Benjamin.
▷ ①Lit in the ears of ②Lit in the ears of
3:20 Then Abner and twenty men with him came to David at Hebron. And David held a feast for Abner and the men who were with him.
3:21 Abner said to David, “Let me set out and go and gather all Israel to my lord the king, so that they may make a covenant with you, and that you may be king over all that your soul desires.” So David let Abner go, and he went in peace.
3:22 And behold, the servants of David and Joab came from a raid and brought a large amount of plunder with them; but Abner was not with David in Hebron, since he had let him go, and he had gone in peace.
3:23 When Joab and all the army that was with him arrived, they informed Joab, saying, “Abner the son of Ner came to the king, and he has let him go on his way, and he has gone in peace.”
3:24 Then Joab came to the king and said, “What have you done? Behold, Abner came to you; why then have you let him go, so that he is already gone?
3:25 You know Abner the son of Ner, that he came to gain your confidence, and to learn of your ①going out and coming in and to find out everything that you are doing.”
▷ ①I.e., daily business
3:26 When Joab left David’s presence, he sent messengers after Abner, and they brought him back from the well of Sirah; but David did not know about it.
3:27 So when Abner returned to Hebron, Joab took him aside into the middle of the gate to speak with him privately, and there he struck him in the belly, so that he died on account of the blood of his brother Asahel.
3:28 Afterward, when David heard about this, he said, “I and my kingdom are innocent before the LORD forever of the blood of Abner the son of Ner.
3:29 May it turn upon the head of Joab and on all his father’s house; and may there not be eliminated from the house of Joab someone who suffers a discharge, or has leprosy, or ①holds the spindle, or falls by the sword, or lacks bread.”
▷ ①I.e., an effeminate man; LXX holds on to a staff (prob. a crutch)
3:30 So Joab and his brother Abishai killed Abner because he had put their brother Asahel to death in the battle at Gibeon.
3:31 Then David said to Joab and to all the people who were with him, “Tear your clothes and put on sackcloth, and mourn before Abner.” And King David walked behind the bier.
3:32 And they buried Abner in Hebron; and the king raised his voice and wept at the grave of Abner, and all the people wept.
3:33 And the king sang a song of mourning for Abner and said,
“Should Abner die as a fool dies?
3:34 Your hands were not bound, nor your feet put in bronze shackles;
As one falls before the ①wicked, you have fallen.” And all the people wept over him again.
▷ ①Lit sons of wickedness
3:35 Then all the people came to provide ①food for David in his distress while it was still day; but David vowed, saying, “May God do so to me, and more so, if I taste bread or anything else before the sun goes down.”
▷ ①Lit bread
3:36 Now all the people took note of David’s vow, and it ①pleased them, just as everything that the king did ②pleased all the people.
▷ ①Lit was good in their eyes ②Lit was good in the eyes of all
3:37 So all the people and all Israel understood on that day that it had not been the desire of the king to put Abner the son of Ner to death.
3:38 Then the king said to his servants, “Do you not know that a leader and a great man has fallen in Israel this day?
3:39 And I am weak today, though anointed king; and these men, the sons of Zeruiah, are too difficult for me. May the LORD repay the evildoer in proportion to his evil.”