1:1 The words of the Preacher, the son of David, king in Jerusalem.
1:1 The words of the Teacher, the son of David, king in Jerusalem.

1:2 Vanity of vanities, says the Preacher, vanity of vanities! All is vanity.
1:2 Vanity of vanities, says the Teacher, vanity of vanities! All is vanity.

1:3 What does man gain by all the toil at which he toils under the sun?
1:3 What do people gain from all the toil at which they toil under the sun?

1:4 A generation goes, and a generation comes, but the earth remains for ever.
1:4 A generation goes, and a generation comes, but the earth remains forever.

1:5 The sun rises and the sun goes down, and hastens to the place where it rises.
1:5 The sun rises and the sun goes down, and hurries to the place where it rises.

1:6 The wind blows to the south, and goes round to the north; round and round goes the wind, and on its circuits the wind returns.
1:6 The wind blows to the south, and goes around to the north; round and round goes the wind, and on its circuits the wind returns.

1:7 All streams run to the sea, but the sea is not full; to the place where the streams flow, there they flow again.
1:7 All streams run to the sea, but the sea is not full; to the place where the streams flow, there they continue to flow.

1:8 All things are full of weariness; a man cannot utter it; the eye is not satisfied with seeing, nor the ear filled with hearing.
1:8 All things are wearisome; more than one can express; the eye is not satisfied with seeing, or the ear filled with hearing.

1:9 What has been is what will be, and what has been done is what will be done; and there is nothing new under the sun.
1:9 What has been is what will be, and what has been done is what will be done; there is nothing new under the sun.

1:10 Is there a thing of which it is said, "See, this is new"? It has been already, in the ages before us.
1:10 Is there a thing of which it is said, "See, this is new"? It has already been, in the ages before us.

1:11 There is no remembrance of former things, nor will there be any remembrance of later things yet to happen among those who come after.
1:11 The people of long ago are not remembered, nor will there be any remembrance of people yet to come by those who come after them.

1:12 I the Preacher have been king over Israel in Jerusalem.
1:12 I, the Teacher, when king over Israel in Jerusalem,

1:13 And I applied my mind to seek and to search out by wisdom all that is done under heaven; it is an unhappy business that God has given to the sons of men to be busy with.
1:13 applied my mind to seek and to search out by wisdom all that is done under heaven; it is an unhappy business that God has given to human beings to be busy with.

1:14 I have seen everything that is done under the sun; and behold, all is vanity and a striving after wind.
1:14 I saw all the deeds that are done under the sun; and see, all is vanity and a chasing after wind.

1:15 What is crooked cannot be made straight, and what is lacking cannot be numbered.
1:15 What is crooked cannot be made straight, and what is lacking cannot be counted.

1:16 I said to myself, "I have acquired great wisdom, surpassing all who were over Jerusalem before me; and my mind has had great experience of wisdom and knowledge."
1:16 I said to myself, "I have acquired great wisdom, surpassing all who were over Jerusalem before me; and my mind has had great experience of wisdom and knowledge."

1:17 And I applied my mind to know wisdom and to know madness and folly. I perceived that this also is but a striving after wind.
1:17 And I applied my mind to know wisdom and to know madness and folly. I perceived that this also is but a chasing after wind.

1:18 For in much wisdom is much vexation, and he who increases knowledge increases sorrow.
1:18 For in much wisdom is much vexation, and those who increase knowledge increase sorrow.